How to Select a Pressure Sensor: A Five-Step Guide to Type, Range and Output

Check five areas when selecting a pressure sensor: reference, range, output, connections and ingress protection, then accuracy and temperature. Start with the process medium and operating conditions and use the selected revision’s specifications. This checklist does not replace compatibility, transient, complete-device or project validation.

Three operating conditions to settle first

ConditionWhat to establishWhy it matters
MediaGas or liquid, corrosive, particle content, temperatureCheck wetted metal, seals, concentration and temperature; specifying 316L alone does not establish medium compatibility
Pressure rangeNormal working pressure, possible transient spikes, any vacuum phaseDistinguish measuring range from withstand limits; validate repeated pulses
Temperature and shockMedia and ambient temperature, water hammer or high-frequency pulsationDetermines compensated temperature range and whether a pressure snubber is needed

Step 1: Choose the pressure type

Pressure type defines the reference: local atmosphere for gauge, vacuum for absolute, and a sealed reference for sealed gauge. A mismatch can introduce a reference error. A single zero adjustment may not correct changes with atmospheric pressure, especially at low pressures or high altitude.

TypeReferenceTypical use
Gauge (relative)Current ambient pressureOpen tank level, ventilation ducts, most hydraulic and pneumatic systems
Sealed gaugeStandard pressure sealed in at manufactureHigh-pressure systems, outdoor installations where a vent must be avoided
AbsoluteVacuumBarometric pressure, sealed vessels, altitude-related measurement

Choose pressure type by the required reference, not to obtain IP68. PM160-E distinguishes gauge IP67 from absolute/sealed-gauge IP68, subject to connector and assembly conditions. Where true gauge measurement and possible immersion are both required, confirm a suitable vent and installation-protection arrangement.

Step 2: Set the range

Normal pressure at roughly one-third to two-thirds of full scale is a starting heuristic, not a universal rule. Cover the highest pressure that must be measured while checking absolute error and resolution. Separately assess overload, repeated pulses and snubbing; burst pressure is not an operating limit.

For an illustrative 6 bar operating pressure and 20 bar abnormal peak, WA30’s 0–10 bar version lists 50 bar overload and 300 bar burst. A 20 bar peak exceeds its measuring range and cannot be recorded accurately on that range. Select a range covering 20 bar if peak measurement is required; validate withstand and measuring range separately.

Step 3: Choose the output signal

OutputPractical distanceSupplyBest for
4-20 mA currentSuitable for long runs subject to total-load calculationModel-specific (PM160-E example 9–32 VDC)Industrial plants, PLC inputs, noisy environments
0.5-4.5 V ratiometricShort5.0 +/- 5% VDCVehicle systems, battery power, direct MCU sampling
0-10 V / 1-10 VShort to medium21–30 VDCIn-cabinet machine control
I2C / SPI digitalBoard level3.0-5.5 VDCEmbedded and IoT nodes, when temperature is also needed
Modbus 485Long, multi-dropModel dependentNetworked installations, SCADA
NB-IoT / 4GLimited by network coverage and site conditionsBattery or externalPipe networks, remote sites, no cabling

A short rule of thumb: current for distance, voltage for short runs, digital when you need temperature or low power, wireless when you cannot cable. If pressure and temperature are both required, the RS PM160-DV dual-output sensor delivers both over I2C/SPI; for classic industrial transmission choose the RS PM160-E analog transmitter.

Step 4: Process connection and ingress protection

The process connection must match the existing piping: common options are G1/4 A face sealing, G1/4 A O-ring, 1/4-18 NPT, 7/16-20 UNF and M12x1.5. Electrical connections typically use M12x1 (EN60947-5-2), Metri-Pack, or Hirschmann Type A (EN175301-803-A). These two groups are the most frequently mismatched items when different people specify them.

State the complete configuration and exposure conditions. For possible flooding, confirm depth, duration, connector, venting and installation. Rain and prolonged immersion are different duties; IP68 is not a universal requirement for every outdoor point.

Step 5: Accuracy over temperature — TEB is not the same as accuracy

Check the definitions of room-temperature accuracy and TEB separately. Included error terms depend on the model specification. Read TEB with its temperature band, typical or maximum basis, pressure range and configuration; figures with different conditions cannot be ranked directly.

ModelTEB basisConditionsMechanical limits
PM160-ETypical ≤±0.25 % FS; maximum ≤±0.50 % FS−20 to 85 °C; check the specified TEB profile for other bandsRange-specific
PM400-EConfirm selected range and revisionConfirm temperature band and typical/maximum basis together2–5×, range dependent
PM160-DV≥1 bar: typical ±0.25 % FS; maximum ±0.50 % FS-20 to 85 °C; ≤2 bar also confirm footnote and orderRange-specific
WA30≤±0.50 % FS (not relabelled as typical)-20 to 85 °C, altitude 0–100 mRange-specific; not a dynamic water-hammer guarantee

Compare TEB on a consistent basis. PM160-E lists typical and maximum values by temperature band; PM160-DV also separates pressure ranges; WA30’s ≤±0.50 % FS applies at -20 to 85 °C and 0–100 m altitude. Do not label every model’s figure as “typical” and rank them directly.

Seven common selection mistakes

MistakeConsequenceWhat to do instead
Using room-temperature accuracy as a full-range figureOut-of-spec readings in winter or summerRequest TEB typical and maximum for the actual operating range
Sizing the range tight to working pressureSpikes damage the diaphragmCover measurement peaks; separately assess overload and repeated pulses
Ignoring transient spikesDiaphragm fatigue, zero driftAssess dynamic pressure, snubbing and response requirements
Mixing gauge and absolute referencesReference error, potentially changing with atmospheric pressureConfirm the reference before ordering
Not accounting for cable lengthVoltage output sags at the far endCheck signal, total load, cabling and host input
Assuming one IP rating covers the whole seriesGauge version falls short of IP68Confirm per pressure type
Media incompatible with wetted materialsCorrosion and leakageCheck SUS316L and seal material compatibility

Rodee product line at a glance

LevelSeriesRangeOutputTypical use
Uncompensated low-pressure coreRS PC0700–5 / 15 / 30 psi; 1 psi custommVLow-pressure OEM integration
Uncompensated medium-pressure coreRS PC1600–5 / 10 / 30 / 40 bar; 160 bar absolute onlymV, by range and excitationOEM integration, transmitter development
Uncompensated high-pressure coreRS PC3500–100 / 160 / 250 / 350 bar (absolute)mV, by range and excitationHigh-pressure pumps, hydraulics
Calibrated coreRS PMSC350Confirm selected pressure range and version0.5-4.5 V, I2CWhen a ready-to-use signal is required
Analog transmitterRS PM160-E0–0.1 to 160 bar4–20 mA / voltage, by versionGeneral industrial duty
Digital dual outputRS PM160-DVLow, negative and standard ranges; confirm versionI2C / SPIIoT, pressure plus temperature
Outdoor displayRS WA300-10 / 20 / 30 bar (custom on request)4–20 mA / voltage / RS485; I²C on requestFire mains, water supply, submersible equipment
Wireless terminalRS PM350-RTU0-1 to 350 barNB-IoT / 4GRemote pipe network monitoring
Level transmitterRS PMLG150Confirm against project and actual product documentationConfirm selected versionLevel measurement

Next step: check every item against the datasheet

Once the selection is settled, turn the five dimensions above into a checklist and tick each one against the datasheet. Full parameter tables for every series are available on the downloads page. Where duty involves high-pressure pulsation, aggressive media or a non-standard range, contacting Rodee’s technical team directly is usually faster than iterating on your own.

More answers in the FAQ.

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